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Alexander Fraser Tytler
Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee FRSE (15 October 1747 – 5 January 1813) was a Scottish advocate, judge, writer and historian who served as Professor of Universal History, and Greek and Roman Antiquities at the University of Edinburgh.
Tytler's other positions included Senator of the College of Justice and George Commissioner of Justiciary in Scotland. Tytler was a friend of Robert Burns, and prevailed upon him to remove lines from his poem "Tam o' Shanter" which were insulting to the legal and clerical professions.〔Letter from Robert Burns to Alexander Fraser Tytler, Esq., April 1791, ''The Complete Works of Robert Burns (Self-Interpreting),'' Volume IV, Gebbie & Co., Philadelphia (1886), pp. 250–251.〕 His son was Patrick Fraser Tytler, traveller and historian.
==Translation==
Tytler wrote a treatise that is important in the history of translation theory, the ''Essay on the Principles of Translation'' (London, 1791).〔Maymi, Protasio (1956). "General Concepts or Laws in Translation", ''The Modern Language Journal'', Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 13–21.〕 It has been argued in a 1975 book by Gan Kechao that Yan Fu's famous translator's dictum of fidelity, clarity and elegance came from Tytler.
Tytler said that translation should fully represent the 1) ideas and 2) style of the original and should 3) possess the ease of original composition.
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